The Middle School Mathematics program continues the study of the content strands: number sense and operations, measurements, geometry, statistics/ probability and algebra/functions /patterns. A variety of teaching strategies are used such as mental arithmetic, word problems, hands-on puzzles, games and Geometers Sketchpad to reinforce and consolidate basic skills and to prepare students effectively for the successful continuation of their math program in the Tutorial House.
The Middle One Mathematics curriculum introduces several new topics such as: operations with integers, simple algebraic expressions, solving one-step equations and finding the areas of geometric shapes in addition to reinforcing the topics learned in Junior Four, such as arithmetic concepts in whole numbers and rational numbers, basic geometry measurement, estimation, constructing and interpreting tables, charts and graphs. A variety of teaching strategies and resources are used including mental arithmetic, word problems, hands-on puzzles and games, as well as monthly enrichment activities with Dynamath Magazine.
In our Middle Two Mathematics program various mathematical topics are explored in a spiral approach as the year progresses. The program includes a review of all previous mathematical concepts learned as well as extensions and applications to provide the necessary background for further study of mathematics. Topics such as ratio, proportions and percents, integers and problem solving are emphasized in all areas. Concepts of geometry are extended to include parallel lines and properties of polygons.
The Middle Three mathematics program includes problem solving using algebraic equations. Ratio, proportion and percents are treated in more depth, with problem solving involving percentage increase and decrease. Graphing lines in a coordinate plane and the idea of slope are introduced. Concepts of geometry are extended to include three-dimensional figures. The concepts of linear transformations such as translation, rotation, reflection and dilation are further developed. Ability grouping begins at this grade.
The Middle Four mathematics program involves understanding and solving linear equations, inequalities and systems of equations in two variables, both graphically and algebraically. Quadratic equations are solved by using the factor method, and it is extended to the use of the quadratic formula and graphing methods for advanced students. Students work extensively with polynomial expressions, and their algebraic skills are reinforced by solving geometric problems. The number system is extended to include irrational numbers. Students’ geometric skills and concepts are further developed through the study of three-dimensional geometry and geometric constructions. Concepts and skills are reinforced through mathematical investigations and the use of technology.